Reversal of nocturnal periodic breathing in primary pulmonary hypertension after lung transplantation.

Nocturnal periodic breathing (PB) closely resembling Cheyne-Stokes respiration in congestive heart failure has been reported to occur in end-stage primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). We herein describe the clinical course of a 56-year-old female patient with PPH and severe hypoxemia, hypocapnia, and right ventricular compromise in whom sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) resolved after successful double-lung transplantation. This case illustrates the crucial roles of blood gas alterations and hemodynamic impairment in the emergence of PB in PPH, and is in favor of a genuine association between advanced right heart failure and the development of SDB.